Chronically Tired? Why this syndrome is affecting more women than men
PTC Web Desk: Fatigue is a common complaint in today’s fast-paced society, but when tiredness becomes persistent and debilitating, it may signal a more serious condition—Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), also known as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME). Despite affecting millions worldwide, this illness remains widely misunderstood, underdiagnosed, and often dismissed, especially among women.
What is Chronic Fatigue Syndrome?
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is a complex, long-term illness characterised by extreme fatigue that doesn't improve with rest and worsens with physical or mental activity. While temporary fatigue can be a normal response to stress or exertion, CFS causes a profound, persistent exhaustion that interferes with daily life.
Alongside fatigue, individuals may experience sleep disturbances, cognitive impairments (often referred to as “brain fog”), muscle pain, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and dizziness. A hallmark symptom is Post-Exertional Malaise (PEM)—a worsening of symptoms after physical or mental activity that can last days or weeks.
Research has consistently shown that women are diagnosed with CFS two to four times more often than men. The reasons for this disparity are not entirely understood but are believed to be due to a combination of biological, hormonal, and societal factors.
Some studies suggest that immune and endocrine system differences may make women more susceptible. Hormonal fluctuations, particularly involving estrogen and progesterone, might influence the body’s stress and immune responses, possibly triggering or worsening symptoms.
On a societal level, gender bias in healthcare often leads to women’s symptoms being downplayed or attributed to psychological causes like anxiety or depression. This can delay diagnosis and treatment, exacerbating the suffering and confusion for female patients.
Despite its debilitating impact, CFS has struggled for recognition in the medical community. This is largely due to its lack of a definitive diagnostic test, diverse range of symptoms, and its overlap with other conditions such as depression, fibromyalgia, or lupus.
Patients often undergo numerous tests to rule out other diseases before receiving a CFS diagnosis. During this process, many report being dismissed by doctors or told their symptoms are “all in their head.” Such experiences contribute to emotional distress, isolation, and mistrust in the healthcare system.
This misunderstanding is compounded by a lack of awareness, both among healthcare providers and the general public. As a result, many sufferers may not even realise they have a recognised medical condition, instead blaming themselves for being “lazy” or “weak.”
The psychological burden of chronic fatigue extends beyond the physical symptoms. The unpredictability of the illness—good days followed by sudden crashes—can lead to job loss, strained relationships, and decreased quality of life.
Women with CFS often carry additional emotional weight due to societal expectations around caregiving and productivity. Many feel guilt over their inability to fulfill roles as mothers, partners, or professionals, which can lead to depression and low self-worth.
Treatment and Management
There is no known cure for CFS, and treatment focuses on symptom management and improving quality of life. This may include:
Pacing and energy management: Learning to balance activity and rest to avoid triggering PEM.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): While controversial, CBT can help patients cope with the psychological challenges of chronic illness.
Medications: Doctors may prescribe drugs to manage pain, sleep issues, or coexisting conditions like depression.
Diet and lifestyle changes: A balanced diet, gentle physical activity (when possible), and stress reduction techniques can support overall health.
What works for one patient may not work for another, highlighting the need for individualised care plans and compassionate, informed healthcare providers.
Notably, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is not just being "tired all the time"—it’s a serious and often invisible illness that disproportionately affects women. Dismissed, misunderstood, and under-researched, it highlights the ongoing gender disparities in medicine. As society becomes more open to discussing invisible illnesses, it is crucial that we listen to patients’ voices and work toward better support, recognition, and care for those living with this life-altering condition.
- With inputs from agencies
